APK Signature Scheme v2 is a whole-file signature scheme that increases verification speed and by detecting any changes to the protected parts of the APK. Signing using APK Signature Scheme v2 inserts an into the APK file immediately before the ZIP Central Directory section.
Inside the APK Signing Block, v2 signatures and signer identity information are stored in an. APK before and after signing APK Signature Scheme v2 was introduced in Android 7.0 (Nougat). To make a APK installable on Android 6.0 (Marshmallow) and older devices, the APK should be signed using before being signed with the v2 scheme. APK Signing Block To maintain backward-compatibility with the v1 APK format, v2 and newer APK signatures are stored inside an APK Signing Block, a new container introduced to support APK Signature Scheme v2. In an APK file, the APK Signing Block is located immediately before the ZIP Central Directory, which is located at the end of the file. The block contains ID-value pairs wrapped in a way that makes it easier to locate the block in the APK.
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The v2 signature of the APK is stored as an ID-value pair with ID 0x7109871a. Format The format of the APK Signing Block is as follows (all numeric fields are little-endian):. size of block in bytes (excluding this field) (uint64). Sequence of uint64-length-prefixed ID-value pairs:. ID (uint32).
value (variable-length: length of the pair - 4 bytes). size of block in bytes—same as the very first field (uint64). magic “APK Sig Block 42” (16 bytes) APK is parsed by first finding the start of the ZIP Central Directory (by finding the ZIP End of Central Directory record at the end of the file, then reading the start offset of the Central Directory from the record). The magic value provides a quick way to establish that what precedes Central Directory is likely the APK Signing Block. The size of block value then efficiently points to the start of the block in the file.
ID-value pairs with unknown IDs should be ignored when interpreting the block. APK Signature Scheme v2 Block APK is signed by one or more signers/identities, each represented by a signing key. This information is stored as an APK Signature Scheme v2 Block. For each signer, the following information is stored:. (signature algorithm, digest, signature) tuples. The digest is stored to decouple signature verification from integrity checking of the APK’s contents. X.509 certificate chain representing the signer’s identity.
Additional attributes as key-value pairs. For each signer, the APK is verified using a supported signature from the provided list.
Signatures with unknown signature algorithms are ignored. It is up to each implementation to choose which signature to use when multiple supported signatures are encountered.
This enables the introduction of stronger signing methods in the future in a backward-compatible way. The suggested approach is to verify the strongest signature. Format APK Signature Scheme v2 Block is stored inside the APK Signing Block under ID 0x7109871a.
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